ČESKÝ ČASOPIS HISTORICKÝ
THE CZECH HISTORICAL REVIEW
4/2014
S. 597–852 + I.–XIV.

OBSAH / CONTENTS

STUDIE / STUDIES

PÁNEK Jaroslav – PEŠEK Jiří
Znovuzrození Českého časopisu historického
(The Re-Birth of the Czech Historical Review) S. 604–623
This current study highlights the re-stablishment and development of a leading Czech historical magazine: The Czech Historical Review (Český časopis historický) after the Czechoslovak “Velvet Revolution” of 1989 until 2002. The Review was published from 1895 until 1949 but in 1953 the Communist regime replaced it by the highly ideological Czechoslovak Historical Review. Professor František Šmahel, the eminent personality of Czech Medieval Studies from the 1960s onwards, though proscribed in the 1970s, took over the management of the Institute of History of the Czech Academy of Sciences in 1990 and thanks to his huge personal involvement and commitment this traditional periodical of the Czech historical community was restored. In addition, he promoted it and was editor-in-chief until 2002. This study shows the re-establishment and development of the contributor base and the editorial background of the Review; it characterizes its contents profile, international outlook as well as its role as a mirror reflecting transformations of the Czech post-Revolution historiography.
Key words: history of historiography, the Czech Historical Review, František Šmahel, historiography after 1989, the Czech Republic

SMÍŠEK Rostislav
Uherská korunovace Josefa I. jako prostředek symbolické komunikace
(The Hungarian Coronation of Joseph I as a Means of Symobolic Communication) S. 624–654
The current study attempts to reconstruct the coronation of Joseph I as King of Hungary in Pressburg on 9th December 1687 on the basis of a context analysis of written and iconographic primary sources. Yet, the author is not merely interested in outlining the political background of the coronation and the description of its progress. Using the methodological concept of symbolic communication he strives to decipher individual symbolic stages and gestures, which the very persons involved in the performance put into action. He does not overlook either the forms of personal representation of Joseph I, his parents – Leopolda I and Eleonore Magdalene von Pfalz-Neuburg, the Hungarian Estates and the ways of visualising their social standing.
Key Words: the Early Modern Age, the Habsburgs, Joseph I, performance, Hungarian coronation, symbolic communication, self-representation

EBELOVÁ Ivana
Židé a josefínské školské reformy. Židovští studenti na pražské univerzitě od osmdesátých let 18. století do rozdělení univerzity v roce 1882
(Jews and the Joseph’s educational reforms. Jewish students at Prague University from eighties of the 18th century to division in 1882) S. 655–680
The reforms of Maria Theresa and Joseph II significantly affected the traditional way of education of the Jewish population. The breakthrough has been heralded by issue of General Study Regulations in 1774, and in particular the issue of the Court Decree of 1781. On the basis of the Court Decree German Jewish schools were established and Jews were allowed to study at all higher education institutions including universities, with the exception of canon law and theology. According to the decree of 1786 Jewish and Christian’s students alike were supposed to be enrolled in the university catalogs, which are a fundamental source of information for tracking of students in universities in the Austrian Empire. The main theme of this paper is monitoring of the Jewish students at Charles University in Prague in the second half of the 19th century (e.g. their numbers on the faculties of the University, their birthplace or home, social status, age structure etc.). The oldest of these catalogs were kept since 1752 and are preserved. There has been a fundamental change of the catalogs on the basis of law about the arrangements of the organization of universities from 1848 and in accordance with General Study Regulations from 1850 – detailed regulations about the management of the catalogs were made and from the mid–19th century, much more detailed information about students is available including religion. This information is not listed in older catalogs that means that Jewish students (even though that until the mid–19th century there and only a few in the catalogs) can be identified only with great difficulty if at all. Some compensation in this context is represented by the inventories of Prague and rural Jews written during the 18th and early 19th century (1723/1724 to 1811), in which it is possible to find more specific information regarding the education of the Jewish population during that period. But even here we face a number of limiting factors – in the case of the most students their field of study is not specified. That means whether they were a Jewish high school student (primarily oriented to other religious education) or they attended university studies. It was indicated only in the case of person who have undergone medical or legal studies. Until 1781 those students mostly graduated in Italian and German universities.
Key words: Jews, education, university, Prague, reforms of Joseph II, Faculty of
Law, Faculty of Medicine, General study regulations, catalogs

ŠEDIVÝ Miroslav
Ohlas Rýnské krize v Rakouském císařství. Příspěvek ke studiu veřejného mínění v českých zemích doby předbřeznové
(The Reverberations of the Rhine Crisis in the Austrian Empire. A Contribution to the Study of Public Opinion in the Czech Lands in the Pre-March Period) S. 681–712
This study aims to disprove a thesis about the exceptional impact of this Crisis upon the qualitative and quantitative transformation of German nationalism in this part of the German Confederation, using an analysis of the response of the population of the Cisleithanian part of the Austrian Empire on the Rhine Crisis of 1840. It simultaneously aims to throw doubts on the as yet black and white perception of Austria as “Europe’s China”, whose inhabitants were cut off from the events beyond their borders by an information barrier erected by state repression.
Yet, as this study aims to prove, educated Austrians, in particular, were acutely interested in international events; they had sufficient access to relevant and often highly reliable information and, in fact, no one prevented them from discussing these events in public. If the Rhine Crisis had a completely negligible impact upon the development of German Nationalism in Cisleithania, then, clearly, the main reasons for this state of affairs were to be found somewhere else then in the repressive apparatus of the Austrian Empire.
Key Words: The Rhine Crisis, 1840, the pre-March period, German nationalism, Austria, Cisleithania, the Czech Lands, public opinion, situation reports

NOVÁK Petr
Dva pokusy o vývoz revoluce do Persie. Sovětské Rusko a Persie v roce 1920
(Two Attempts at Exporting the Revolution into Persia. Soviet Russia and Persia in 1920) S. 713–744
During the spring of 1920, Soviet Russia supported two uprisings, which were under way or being planned in the north Persian provinces of Guilan and Khorasan with the intended aim of exporting the revolution to Persia. The decisive role in these events was played by local Soviet organs in Transcaucasia and Trans-Caspia, or in other words in Central Asia. Indeed, Moscow soon sanctioned their approach and established the general limits of the Soviet involvement. Ultimately, both attempts at exporting the revolution into Persia failed due to the inability of the rebels to gain the unqualified support of the population; their inability to coordinate their activities and finally, due to the unwillingness of the Soviet regime to provide direct military assistance to the rebels. This failure, consequently persuaded the Soviet Government to follow the direction of establishing proper diplomatic channels in their relationship with Persia.
Key words: Soviet Russia, Persia, export of the revolution, international relationships, 1920

DISKUSE / DISCUSSION

HORSKÝ Jan
„Cizí“ a „dějinné“: Hranice kultur versus kontinuita dějin
(“Alien” and “historical”: The boundaries of cultures versus continuity of history) S. 745–753
In current methodological discourse there are two competing approaches, on one hand the emphasis placed on discontinuity as a principle of research (earlier forms of our culture are to be studied as the forms of an “alien” culture), yet on the other hand, it also emphasizes that no interpretation can manage without hermeneutics. Yet, hermeneutics is based essentially on the presupposition of (cultural, historical and spiritual) continuity. This study considers relationships between these opposing principles. It simultaneously demonstrates that a reflection of “alien” may have an impact on “historical consciousness” (Geschichtsbewusstsein). However, the nature of this impact does not have to be unequivocal.
Key Words: the theory and methodology of historical sciences, hermeneutics,
interpretation, the principle of alienness, continuity versus discontinuity

OBZORY LITERATURY / REVIEW ARTICLES AND REVIEWS

Recenze

BIVOLAROV Vasil, Inquisitoren-Handbücher. Papsturkunden und juristische Gutachten aus dem 13. Jahrhundert mit Edition des Consilium von Guido Fulcodii
(= Studien und Texte der Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Bd. 56)
(Ivan Hlaváček) S. 754–755

ALBRECHT Stefan (Hrsg.), Die Königsaaler Chronik.
(= Forschungen zu Geschichte und Kultur der böhmischen Länder, Bd. 2)
(Marie Bláhová) S. 756–757

ŠMAHEL František, Jan Hus. Život a dílo
(= Ecce homo, sv. 19)
(Petr Čornej) S. 758–762

HLAVÁČEK Ivan (ed.), Codex Přemyslaeus. Regesty z výpisů z dvorských register Václava IV. z doby kolem a po roku 1400 / Regesten aus den Auszügen von der Hofkanzleiregistern Wenzels IV. aus der Zeit um und nach 1400
(= Edice Archiv český, díl XXXIX)
(Hana Pátková) S. 762–763

ЧУБАРЬЯН Александр Оганович (гл. ред.) / ČUBARJAN Alexandr Oganovič (ed.), Всемирная история: В 6-ти томах / Vsemirnaja istorija: V 6-ti tomach. (Тom 3: В. А. Ведюшкин – М. А. Юсим (отв. ред.), Мир в раннее Новое время) / Tom 3: V. A. Vedjuškin – M. A. Jusim (eds.), Mir v ranneje Novoje vremja)
(Jaroslav Pánek) S. 764–766

ĎURČANSKÝ Marek, Česká města a jejich správa za třicetileté války. Zemský a lokální kontext
(Josef Kadeřábek) S. 766–767

SHORE Paul, Narratives of Adversity: Jesuits in the Eastern Peripheries of the Habsburg Realms (1640–1773)
(Jakub Zouhar) S. 768–770

HRBEK Jiří, Barokní Valdštejnové v Čechách, 1640–1740
(= České dějiny, svazek 5)
(Jiří Kubeš) S. 770–774

CERMAN Ivo, Šlechtická kultura v 18. století. Filozofové, mystici, politici
(Svatava Raková) S. 774–778

MÜLLER Sven Oliver, Das Publikum macht die Musik. Musikleben in Berlin, London und Wien im 19. Jahrhundert
(Martin Bojda) S. 778–782

DÖGE Klaus, Antonín Dvořák. Život – dílo – dokumenty
(Lukáš Vytlačil) S. 782–785

HOFFMANNOVÁ Jaroslava, Václav Novotný (1869–1932). Život a dílo univerzitního profesora českých dějin
(František Šmahel) S. 785–790

KŘESŤAN Jiří, Zdeněk Nejedlý. Politik a vědec v osamění
(Tomáš Borovský) S. 790–792

KOHÁROVÁ Marta, Výbušné výbušniny. Od nostrifikace k znárodnění v Československu
(Zdeněk R. Nešpor) S. 793–795

ŠIMSOVÁ Milena, Svět Jaroslava Šimsy
(Jana Nechutová) S. 796–799

INGRAO Christian, Believe and Destroy. Intellectuals in the SS War Machine
(Daniel Putík) S. 799-802

SCHRIJVER Emile G. L. – WIESEMANN Falk (Hrsg.), Schöne Seiten. Jüdische Schriftkultur aus der Braginsky Collection
(Jiří Pešek) S. 802–804

HLAVAČKA Milan – MARÈS Antoine – POKORNÁ Magdaléna et alii, Paměť míst, událostí a osobností: historie jako identita a manipulace
(David Emler) S. 804–808