STUDIA ET COMMENTATIONES

JIŘÍ SMRŽ, Konířské právo na Novém Městě pražském (Příspěvek k dějinám městské správy v 16.–18. století) [Equestrian Court in Prague’s New Town (A contribution to the History of Town Administration in the 16th–18th Century)]

Abstract: The presented study traces the development of the Equestrian Court, one of the delegated courts in Prague’s New Town. With the help of preserved sources and analogies to similar institutions, it was possible to refine the date of the founding of this court and its further development from the end of the 16th century up to its cancellation in 1783. In addition to the actual history of this court, attention was also paid to its organisational structure and its jurisdiction (contestable and non-contestable agenda). The operation of the Equestrian Court in the second half of the 17th century and during the course of the 18th century could be reconstructed thanks to ten official books preserved in the Collection of Manuscripts of the Prague City Archives. The content of these books was analysed, with their formal and diplomatic aspects also being considered. As such, attention was paid to the individual types of official books kept by the Equestrian Court. The study is supplemented by an overview of all the individuals who served as judges on the Equestrian Court, scribes and clerks.
Keywords: Prague New Town – Equestrian Court – town administration – delegated courts – official books
13–72

PETR ULIČNÝ, Pašije, znovuzrození minulosti a druhý Kristův příchod ve Svatováclavské kapli katedrály sv. Víta v Praze [The Passion, Rebirth of the Past and Christ’s Second Coming in the Wenceslas Chapel in St. Vitus’s Cathedral in Prague]

Abstract: St. Vitus’s Cathedral was founded in 1344 by King John of Bohemia and future Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV. Following the arrival of architect Petr Parler in 1356, it was changed into an irregular structure with the main entrance on the south side, where the Wenceslas Chapel acquired an autonomous standing. The submitted article aspires to be an attempt at the reconstruction of the complicated story of its creation and to interpret the multi-layered meaning contained in this part of the cathedral. The changes apparently have a double meaning: on one hand, Charles had the old rotunda founded by St. Wenceslas recreated within the layout of the new cathedral. On the other hand, it may have been Charles’s intention to have the new chapel imitate the Calvary Chapel, which is part of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem and where Christ’s Passion culminated in his crucifixion. It is also possible that the entire cathedral referred to the same model, which would explain its unusual layout. The reason could have been the placement of the imperial insignia, containing the valuable Passion relics that Charles obtained in 1350, near the Wenceslas Chapel.
In the architecture and iconography of the chapel, as well as in the chapels at Karlstein, which are related to the Wenceslas Chapel, one can also find references to the Apocalypse, the Heavenly Jerusalem and the Second Coming of Christ.
Keywords: Prague – St. Vitus’s Cathedral – Karlstein – Jerusalem – Church of the Holy Sepulchre – Calvary – Charles IV – Petr Parler – Middle Ages – Christ’s Passion – Heavenly Jerusalem – architectural copies
73–171

MATERIALIA

JAROSLAVA MENDELOVÁ, Správa Nového Města pražského v letech 1547–1602 [The Administration of Prague’s New Town in 1547–1602]

Abstract: The study, which builds on an earlier work from 2004 and expands on the latest research on all surviving town books of both right-bank Prague towns until 1620, presents the administrative structure of Prague’s New Town in the period after the failed attempt at an anti-Habsburg uprising of the Czech estates in 1547, which enabled Ferdinand I to reduce the political and economic status of the towns and their self-government. He established an appeal’s court for the towns and for oversight of the administration performed by the offices of the royal governors and reeves, who followed the instructions of central authorities.
In the years 1547–1602, an eighteen-member council headed by the first elected mayor was the main and administrative and judicial body in the New Town of Prague. The official agenda, which the council divided among the lower authorities to which it delegated part of its jurisdiction, gradually grew. In addition to a ten-member office for higher debts and a six-member office for building and economic matters, there was an eight-member office for beer brewers, the River Court for log drivers and the wood trade, and the Equestrian Court with jurisdiction over the horse trade. Guilds were the lowest judicial instance. The structure of the administration of Prague’s New Town did not change much over the following century and was maintained with minor changes up until 1784. An annex to the study provides a list of 129 councillors who sat on 24 councils over the years, biographies of the royal reeves and a list of town reeves in 1547–1602.
Keywords: Prague – New Town – 1547 uprising – town administration – royal institutions – structure of town offices
175–271

LUBOMÍR SLAVÍČEK, Julius Singer a umělecký obchod v meziválečné Praze [Julius Singer and the Art Trade in Interwar Prague]

Abstract: In contrast to the situation in other countries, the issue of the art trade in Prague and the Czech lands in general remains on the margins of scholarly attention. The study presents a forgotten artist – high school professor drawing Julius Singer (1880–1967), providing new information on his life and artistic work while mainly attempting to shed light on the activities of this trader of Old Master paintings and antiques, a business he enthusiastically pursued between 1925 and 1939.
Using fragments of preserved information, it is possible to at least partially reconstruct his art trade activities up to the year 1936 in his former Smíchov gallery and subsequently in Prague’s New Town, including an incomplete overview of the works he offered and an identification of their sources. Singer systematically maintained close business and personal contacts with local private collectors and representatives of public art museums, as well as protagonists of the international art trade – dealers and art experts. As such, he ranked among those responsible for growth in the Prague art trade in the interwar period and for bringing it at least somewhat closer to the European level.
The second part of the work describes the situation on the Prague art market during the period in which Singer established his trade and throughout his entire activities in this field, and the economic and legislative conditions influencing its growth or stagnation. Using data from period directories, newspaper reports and advertisements, the annex provides an overview of trade in old and modern paintings and antiques, as well as the art facilities, sales, exhibition and auction halls in operation in Prague between 1918 and 1939.
Keywords: Julius Singer – Prague – art trade – private exhibition and sales galleries – auction houses – art facilities – solicited art trade – trade with old and modern paintings – antique trade
273–414

EX ARCHIVO METROPOLIS PRAGAE

ZORA DAMOVÁ, Dámský kruh [Women’s Circle]
417–425

RECENSIONES LIBRORUM

Recensiones complexivae

JIŘÍ PEŠEK, Praha plánovaná, navrhovaná a nepostavená [Prague Planned, Designed and Unbuilt]
429–448

Pragensia

Pavel Sládek, Jehuda Leva ben Besal’el – Maharal. Obrana uzavřeného světa v židovském myšlení raného středověku [Jehuda Leva ben Besal’el – Maharal. Defence of the Closed World in Early Medieval Jewish Thought] (Petr Sláma)
448

Jana Doktorová, Malostranský graduál a jeho donátoři. Renesanční iluminovaný rukopis jako nástroj měšťanské reprezentace [The Lesser Town Gradual and Its Donors. Renaissance Illuminated Manuscript as a Tool of Burgher Representation] (Jiří Smrž)
451

Klára Woitschová – Libor Jůn, Národní muzeum v éře Československa [The National Museum in the Era of Czechoslovakia] (Ivana Ebelová)
457

Hradu a obci. Sto let Archivu Pražského hradu 1920–2020, (ed.) Martin Halata [For the Castle and the Community. One Hundred Years of the Prague Castle Archives 1920–2020], (ed.) Martin Halata (Daniela Brádlerová)
461

Josef Sudek. Topografie sutin, (ed.) Katarína Mašterová [Josef Sudek. The Topography of Ruins], (ed.) Katarína Mašterová (Jiří Pešek)
468

Město naruby. Vágní terén, vnitřní periferie a místa mezi místy, (ed.) Radan Haluzík [The City Inside Out. Vague Terrain, Inner Peripheries and Places in Between], (ed.) Radan Haluzík (Ondřej Hojda)
471

Urbana

Marie Tošnerová – Miroslava Květová, Paměť měst. Narativní prameny k dějinám Prahy, Českých Budějovic a Litoměřic do roku 1800 [Memory of Cities. Narrative Sources for the History of Prague, České Budějovice and Litoměřice until 1800] (Ivana Ebelová)
477

Ivo Štefan, Čí je ta krajina? Rozhovory s Janem Klápště o středověku a našem světě [Whose Landscape Is It? Conversations with Jan Klápště on the Middle Ages and Our World] (Jiří Pešek)
481

Středověké město. Politické proměny a sociální inovace, (ed.) Martin Nodl [The Medieval Town. Political Transformations and Social Innovations], (ed.) Martin Nodl (Jan Hrdina)
488

Philipp Höhn, Kaufleute in Konflikt. Rechtspluralismus, Kredit und Gewalt im spätmittelalterlichen Lübeck (Petr Kreuz)
493

Extra muros. Vorstädtische Räume in Spätmittelalter und Früher Neuzeit. Espaces suburbains au bas Moyen Âge et à l’époque moderne, (Hrsg.) Guy Thewes – Martin Uhrmacher (Martin Nodl)
501

Das zweite Kolberger Stadtbuch 1373–1436, (Hrsg.) Dietrich W. Poeck (Ivana Ebelová)
503

Das dritte Leipziger Ratsbuch 1501–1512. Edition, (Hrsg.) Jens Kunze (Ivana Ebelová)
507

Hana Jordánková – Ludmila Sulitková, Předbělohorské Brno. Hospodářský potenciál města a sociální situace jeho obyvatel [Pre-White Mountain Brno. The Economic Potential of the City and the Social Situation of Its Residents] (Jiří Smrž)
510

Josef Kadeřábek, Nerovný boj o víru. Páni z Martinic a rekatolizace města Slaný (1600–1665) [An Unequal Struggle for Faith. The Lords of Martinice and the Recatholization of the Town of Slaný (1600–1665)] (Olga Fejtová)
516

Jaroslav Šůla – Ondřej Tikovský, Ve městě a na zámku. Dobrušští měšťané kontra opočenská vrchnost za třicetileté války [In the Town and at the Castle. Dobruška Burghers against the Opočno Nobles During the Thirty Years’ War] (Marek Ďurčanský)
520

Christina Schmitz, Buchbesitz und Buchbewegungen im Mainz der Frühen Neuzeit. Eine exemplarische Studie zu Akademikerbibliotheken aus den Jahrzehnten um 1600 (Olga Fejtová)
524

Telč a jezuité. Řád a jeho mecenáši. Katalog výstavy, [Telč and the Jesuits. The Order and Its Patrons. Exhibition Catalogue] (edd.) Kateřina Bobková-Valentová – Petra Hnilicová; Knihovna jezuitské koleje v Telči. Katalog výstavy [The Library of the Jesuit College in Telč. Exhibition Catalogue], (edd.) Kateřina Bobková-Valentová – Jarmila Hlaváčková – Hedvika Kuchařová (Markéta Krejčová)
528

Lucie Rychnová, František Josef Šlik a česká barokní krajina. Život šlechtice na východočeském venkově [František Josef Šlik and the Czech Baroque Landscape. The Life of a Nobleman in the East Bohemian Countryside] (Marek Ďurčanský)
535

Josef Grulich, Migrační strategie. Město, předměstí a vesnice na panství České Budějovice ve druhé polovině 18. století [Migration Strategy. City, Suburb and Village in the České Budějovice Domain in the second Half of the 18th Century] (Josef Kadeřábek)
539

Dějiny Brna IV. Modernizace města 1790–1918 [The History of Brno IV. City Modernisation 1790–1918], (edd.) Lukáš Fasora – Jiří Malíř (Martina Maříková)
542

Sönke Friedreich, Monumente (in) der Region. Denkmäler als Zeugnisse städtischer Erinnerungskultur in Sachsen (1871–1914) (Zdeněk Hojda)
547

Aleksandra Nadkierniczna-Stasik, Theaterpraxis im Spiegel der Presse. Eine Fallstudie zur Rezeption des Breslauer Theaters zwischen 1890 und 1913 (Jitka Ludvová)
553

Thomas Höpel, Frauenwahlrecht und Demokratisierung in Leipzig 1900–1933 (Johana Jonáková)
559

Steffi Brüning, Prostitution in der DDR. Eine Untersuchung am Beispiel der Städte Rostock. Berlin und Leipzig von 1968 bis 1989 (Petr Kreuz)
563

Aleš Vyskočil – Zbyněk Sviták, Křenová. Příběh brněnské ulice [Křenová. The Story of a Brno Street] (Marek Ďurčanský)
570

Archeologica

Zdeněk Dragoun et al., Archeologický výzkum v Praze v letech 2019–2020 [Archaeological Research in Prague in 2019–2020]
577–813

List of illustrations

List of authors