World War I was the first conflict during which a complex system of measures against enemy civilians was implemented, and minorities were targeted as such. This issue sheds light on this phenomenon as it developed in Europe. The articles, using a comparative approach, deal with the discourses and representations which supported the spread of anti-alienism, how belligerent countries responded to popular reaction against aliens and to the alleged threat they represented, and with the consequences their policies and actions had for the alleged enemy aliens. By focusing both on Western Europe (France, Britain and Germany) and on the Austro-Hungarian, Russian and Ottoman Empires, the authors analyse the increase in hostility towards aliens, enemy aliens, suspect civilians, and minorities, and explore in detail the implementation of policies which targeted individual and property rights.
Aliens and Internal Enemies during the First World War
Daniela L. Caglioti: Aliens and Internal Enemies: Internment Practices, Economic Exclusion and Property Rights during the First World War. Introduction
Y. Doğan Çetinkaya: Illustrated Atrocity: the Stigmatisation of non-Muslims through Images in the Ottoman Empire during the Balkan Wars
Matthew Stibbe: Enemy Aliens, Deportees, Refugees: Internment Practices in the Habsburg Empire, 1914–1918
Uğur Ümit Üngör / Eric Lohr: Confiscation and Violence: A Comparison of Ottoman and Russian Economic Persecution in World War I
Daniela L. Caglioti: Property Rights in Time of War: Sequestration and Liquidation of Enemy Aliens' Assets in Western Europe during the First World War
Forum
Sebastian Huhnholz: Deutschsowjetische Bloodlands? Zum methodologischen spatial und imperial turn der aktuellen Totalitarismustheorie
Article
Beatrice de Graaf: Second-tier Diplomacy: Hans von Gagern and William I in their Quest for an Alternative European Order, 1813–1818