The rise of populist right-wing political movements and parties all over Europe and the USA has encouraged a fresh interest in the historical origins of the intellectual background of the new Right. This special issue seeks to explore the “Conservative Revolution” of the interwar period as a European-wide phenomenon by taking a comparative view of radical Conservative (but not fascist) movements in Germany, France, Great Britain and Russia. The basic assumption is that the concept “Conservative Revolution” is useful on a European level because it helps to create an understanding of the European traffic of ideas on the radical Right and the various networks and organisations; in short, the transnational and pan-European dimensions of radicalised Conservatism in the interwar period. The contributors examine this traffic of ideas and question what national and what transnational factors were critical in creating the particular intellectual climate that brought to life political ideas so powerful that they were not only embraced widely across interwar Europe but also can still unleash their toxic impact today.